Laboratory contamination and
infection
•
In
laboratory
Ø Skin and eyes
Ø Mouth
Ø Respiratory tract
•
Outside
laboratory
Classification
of microorganisms on the basis of hazard
•
Risk
group I
e.g: food
spoilage bacteria,
common molds and yeast
Presents low
risk to laboratory workers and community
Unlikely to
cause human disease
•
Risk
group II
e.g:
Staphylococci, Streptococci, Vibrio,
Adeno virus, Polio virus etc
Presents
moderate risk to laboratory workers and limited risk to community.
Cause serious
human disease but not serious hazard
Effective
preventive measures and treatment available.
•
Risk
group III
e.g:
brucella, tubercle bacilli, salmonella typhi., HIV etc
High risk to
laboratory worker and low risk to community.
Do not
ordinarily spread rapidly from one individual to another.
Effective
vaccines and therapeutic material available.
•
Risk
group IV
e.g: agents
in this group are all viruses.
High risk to
both.
Cause
serious disease
Transmitted
from one person to another
No vaccine
and treatment available.
Classification
of laboratories
•
Basic
•
Containment
•
Maximum
containment
Laboratory
waste disinfection and decontamination
•
Decontamination
using chemical disinfectants
•
By
autoclave
•
By
incineration
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